Synonyms:
Za11, IL-21.

Introduction:
IL-21 is produced by CD4+ T cells in response to antigenic stimulation. Its action enhances antigen-specific responses of immune cells. The biological effects of IL-21 include induction of differentiation of T-cells-stimulated B-cells into plasma cells and memory B-cells, stimulation (in conjuction) with IL-4 of IgG production, and induction of apoptotic effects in naïve B-cells and stimulated B-cells in the absence of T-cell signaling. Additionally, IL-21 promotes the anti-tumor activity of CD8+ T-cells and NK cells. IL-21 exerts its effect through binding to a specific type I cytokine receptor, IL-21R, which also contains the gamma chain (γc) found in other cytokine receptors including IL-2, IL-4, IL-7, IL-9 and IL-15. The IL-21/IL-21R interaction triggers a cascade of events which includes activation of the tyrosine kinases JAK1 and JAK3, followed by activation of the transcription factors STAT1 and STAT3.

Description:
Interleukin-21 Human Recombinant produced in E.Coli is a single, non-glycosilated polypeptide chain containing 133 amino acids and having a total molecular mass of 15,463 Dalton.
The IL-21 is purified by proprietary chromatographic techniques.

Source:
Escherichia Coli.

Physical Appearance:
Sterile Filtered White lyophilized (freeze-dried) powder.

Formulation:
Lyophilized from a concentrated (1mg/ml) solution containing no additives.

Solubility:
It is recommended to reconstitute the lyophilized Interleukin -21 in sterile 18MΩ-cm H2O not less than 100µg/ml, which can then be further diluted to other aqueous solutions.

Stability:
Lyophilized Interleukin-21 although stable at room temperature for 3 weeks, should be stored desiccated below -18°C. Upon reconstitution IL21 should be stored at 4°C between 2-7 days and for future use below -18°C.
For long term storage it is recommended to add a carrier protein (0.1% HSA or BSA).
Please prevent freeze-thaw cycles.

Purity:
Greater than 95.0% as determined by:
(a) Analysis by RP-HPLC.
(b) Analysis by SDS-PAGE.

Amino acid sequence:
The sequence of the first five N-terminal amino acids was determined and was found to be Gln-Gly-Gln-Asp-Arg.

Biological Activity:
The ED₅₀=1.0 -10 ng/ml, determined by the dose-dependant proliferation of human peripheral blood mononuclear cells.

Protein content:
Protein quantitation was carried out by two independent methods:
1. UV spectroscopy at 280 nm using the absorbency value of 0.54 as the extinction coefficient for a 0.1% (1mg/ml) solution. This value is calculated by the PC GENE computer analysis program of protein sequences (IntelliGenetics).
2. Analysis by RP-HPLC, using a standard solution of IL-21 as a Reference Standard.

Usage:
ProSpec’s products are furnished for LABORATORY RESEARCH USE ONLY. The product may not be used as drugs, agricultural or pesticidal products, food additives or household chemicals.

Size :
10ug