Synonyms:
CSF-2, MGI-1GM, GMCSF, Pluripoietin-alpha, Molgramostin, Sargramostim.

Introduction:
GMCSF is a cytokine that controls the production, differentiation, and function of granulocytes and macrophages. The active form of the protein is found extracellularly as a homodimer. This gene has been localized to a cluster of related genes at chromosome region 5q31, which is known to be associated with interstitial deletions in the 5q- syndrome and acute myelogenous leukemia. Other genes in the cluster include those encoding interleukins 4, 5, and 13.
GM-CSF stimulates the growth and differentiation of hematopoietic precursor cells from various lineages, including granulocytes, macrophages, eosinophils and erythrocytes.

Description:
GM-CSF Human Recombinant produced in insect cells is a single, glycosylated, polypeptide chain containing 127 amino acids and having a molecular mass of 14477 Dalton.
GM-CSF is fused to a C-terminal His -tag (6x His) and purified by proprietary chromatographic techniques.

Source:
Insect Cells

Physical Appearance:
Sterile Filtered White lyophilized (freeze-dried) powder.

Formulation:
The protein was lyophilized with no additives.

Solubility:
It is recommended to reconstitute the lyophilized Granulocyte Macrophage Colony Stimulating Factor in sterile 18MΩ-cm H2O not less than 100µg/ml, which can then be further diluted to other aqueous solutions.

Stability:
Lyophilized Granulocyte Macrophage Colony Stimulating Factor although stable at room temperature for 3 weeks, should be stored desiccated below -18°C. Upon reconstitution GMCSF should be stored at 4°C between 2-7 days and for future use below -18°C.
For long term storage it is recommended to add a carrier protein (0.1% HSA or BSA).
Please prevent freeze-thaw cycles.

Purity:
Greater than 98.0% as determined by:
1. Analysis by RP-HPLC.
2.  Analysis by SDS-PAGE.

Amino acid sequence:
The sequence of the first five N-terminal amino acids was determined and was found to be Ala-Pro-Ala-Arg-Ser.

Biological Activity:
The ED50 as determined by the dose-dependant stimulation of the proliferation of human TF-1 cells (human erythroleukemic indicator cell line) is < 0.1 ng/ml, corresponding to a Specific Activity of 1 x10⁷IU/mg.

Protein content:
Protein quantitation was carried out by two independent methods:

1. UV spectroscopy at 280 nm using the absorbency value of 0.963 as the extinction coefficient for a 0.1% (1mg/ml) solution. This value is calculated by the PC GENE computer analysis program of protein sequence (IntelliGenetics).

2. Analysis by RP-HPLC, using a standard solution of GMCSF as a Reference Standard.

Usage:
ProSpec’s products are furnished for LABORATORY RESEARCH USE ONLY.They may not be used as drugs,agricultural or pesticidal products, food additives or household chemicals.

Size :
10ug